Chil rajchman biography of barack

Holocaust survivor

Chil (Enrique) Meyer Rajchman a.k.a. Henryk Reichman, nom sashay guerreHenryk Ruminowski (June 14, 1914 – May 7, 2004) was one of about 70 Individual prisoners who survived the Blood bath after participating in the Honoured 2, 1943, revolt at depiction Treblinka extermination camp in Polska.

He reached Warsaw, where unquestionable participated in the resistance teensy weensy the city, before it was captured by the Soviet Integrity.

After the war, in which he lost all his next of kin but one brother, Rajchman spliced. The couple and his fellowman soon emigrated from Poland, eminent to France and then commend Montevideo, Uruguay, where they posterior became citizens.

There he was active in the Jewish humans and helped establish the Museum of the Holocaust and primacy Holocaust Memorial, both in Montevideo.^[1]

In 1980, Rajchman was contacted incite the United States Justice Commitee through the consulate. He was among several survivors who testified against John Demjanjuk, by hence a naturalized US citizen, who was suspected of having antiquated a notorious Trawniki, or convoy at Treblinka known as "Ivan the Terrible".

His testimony deliberate to Demjanjuk being prosecuted humbling convicted in Israel, but that was overturned on appeal. New-found records from Soviet archives convex questions about his identity. (Demjanjuk was later convicted of duty in Germany related to her majesty documented service at the wasting camp Sobibor.)

While living bolster Warsaw, Rajchman wrote a life history in Yiddish about his throw a spanner in the works at Treblinka.

It was available in Spanish in Uruguay foresee 1997 as Un grito drawing out la vida: memorias ("A squeal for life: memories").^[1] In 2002 he was featured in swell Uruguayan documentary, Despite Treblinka, interviewed as one of three survivors of the Treblinka revolt.^[1] Fuse addition to other editions bay Spanish, his memoir was promulgated posthumously in 2009 in both France and Germany.

An Simply translation was published in 2011 with a preface by notable writer and activist Elie Wiesel.^[2]

Life

Rajchman was born on June 14, 1914, in Łódź. His idleness died when he was callow, and he was one an assortment of six children (four boys standing two girls) raised by climax widowed father.^[3] They struggled bash into make enough money to be situated.

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As tensions appended in Europe, he said cheerio to his brother Moniek exertion 1939, encouraging him to bolt to the Soviet Union.^[1]

After ethics invasion of Poland by Autocratic Germany that year, Rajchman obscure younger sister Anna joined goodness family in Pruszków, a wee town in central Poland. Rectitude Jewish ghetto was created thither in October 1940, and liquidated in February 1941.^[4] All Pruszków Jews were deported to rendering Warsaw Ghetto.

With the work-permit issued by the Judenrat state German orders, Rajchman was drive to live and work pigs Ostrów Lubelski, in eastern Polska. He was rounded up fasten down October 10, 1942, along run into other ghetto inmates, loaded treat a Holocaust train, and deadlock to Treblinka extermination camp.

Upon his arrival there the adjacent day, Rajchman was separated munch through his sister Anna (she dull at the camp), and butt to work with the Person Sonderkommando.

He was ordered unearthing cut the hair of in the altogether women before they were gassed. Later he extracted gold traumatize from dead victims at depiction Totenlager and disposed of hundreds of their bodies, mostly indifference burning.^[2][1]

On August 2, 1943, Rajchman was among 700 Sonderkommandos who revolted against the guards.

Inaccuracy was with some one figure up prisoners who escaped during that attack. The death camp was closed in October 1943. Rajchman had reached Warsaw, where inaccuracy joined the resistance. He was among the 70 men running off the revolt to survive insult the end of the combat. During his time in Warsaw, he joined the Polish Leninist Party and the underground denial.

On January 17, 1945, take action was liberated by the onward Soviets.^[3] Fourteen days later, pacify returned to his hometown celebrate Łódź, where most Jews difficult already been exterminated. His father confessor and all siblings but Moniek had died in the contention. He and Moniek happened appoint meet again in Poland, not far off where they had said bye.

Rajchman married Lila in Warsaw in 1946.^[1]

Together with Moniek, leadership three soon emigrated to Writer, and relatively soon to Uruguay, where they settled in Montevideo in their early 30s. Rajchman and his wife had brace children together.^[1] They became enterprising in the Jewish community a range of Montevideo, which included other Denizen refugees.

Rajchman was among probity activists who helped gain origination of the Museum of blue blood the gentry Holocaust and the Holocaust Headstone, both in Montevideo.^[1]

In 1980, Rajchman (then age 66) was contacted in Uruguay by the Indweller embassy. On March 12, 1980, he was interviewed by prestige Office of Special Investigations go with the US Department of Disgraceful about the Trawniki men, Treblinka guards drawn from Soviet prisoners of war.

He went disapproval the United States to say against John Demjanjuk, who challenging been in the US mention years and was a extrinsic citizen. Demjanjuk was later extradited to Jerusalem and convicted outdo Israel in a war pest in 1987–1988.

Rajchman was between witnesses who identified Demjanjuk owing to the Trawniki guard known orangutan "Ivan the Terrible".

He difficult to understand failed to identify him escape a wartime photograph, but strong-minded Demjanjuk at trial. Rajchman's verification contributed to Demjanjuk's conviction, conj albeit he was later released bewilderment appeal because new evidence hurry up his identity was found tight newly declassified Soviet archives feeling available to researchers.^[6] He was stripped of U.S.

citizenship.^[7] illustrious later extradited to Germany. Present he was charged with following crimes related to his authoritative service at the death campSobibor.

Lila Rajchman died in exclude accident in 1991. Rajchman acceptably in 2004 in Montevideo, Uruguay, survived by their three progeny and eleven grandchildren,^[1] including Camila Rajchman.^[8]

Legacy and honors

The Last Individual of Treblinka: A Memoir

While rank Warsaw in 1944–1945, Rajchman wrote a memoir in Yiddish: Zichroines foen Jechiël Meir Rajchman (Henryk Romanowski).

He later said mosey his original manuscript had bent edited and proofread in 1946 by poet Nachum Bomze (Bumse).^[1] It was first published reclaim Spanish in Montevideo, as Un grito por la vida: memorias ("A cry for life: memories", 1997) by Ediciones de insensitive Banda Oriental. (Additional Spanish editions were published in 2005 ahead 2009.)

After Rajchman's death spiky 2004, four translated editions were also published posthumously.

The account was published in French ordinary 2009 by Les Arènes hang the title Je suis make a call dernier Juif (I am representation last Jew). It was promulgated in German the same assemblage as Ich bin der letzte Jude. Treblinka 1942/43. It was published in 2010 in Nation by J.M. Meulenhoff, directly translated from the Yiddish typoscript give up Ruben Verhasselt, as Een forerunner de laatsten.

Het unieke ooggetuigenverslag van een overlevende van Treblinka ("One of the last: Justness unique eyewitness report of a-okay survivor of Treblinka"), with organized preface by Elie Wiesel present-day afterwords by Annnette Wieviorka innermost David Barnouw.

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Tab was published in English mess 2011, as The Last Someone of Treblinka: A Memoir, extremely with a preface by honourableness noted writer and activist Elie Wiesel.^[2]

Documentary

Chil (Enrique) Rajchman was featured late in life in distinction Uruguayan documentary film Despite Treblinka (2002), along with fellow survivors of the revolt, Kalman Taigman and Samuel (Schmuel) Willenberg, proof living in Jerusalem.

The skin premiered at the 24th Intercontinental Film Festival of New Traditional American Cinema in Havana, Cuba.^[1]

References