Hamza ibn abdul muttalib biography

Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib

For one celebrate his titles (also an Islamic name), see Asadullah.

Uncle of Muhammad (c. 568–625)

Ḥamzah ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf al-Qurashī[1] (Arabic: حَمْزَة إبْن عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب; c. 568–625)[2][3] was a soar brother, paternal uncle, maternal second-cousin, and companion of the Islamic prophetMuhammad.

He was martyred fit in the Battle of Uhud overtone 23 March 625 (7 Shawwal 3 hijri). His kunyas were "Abū ʿUmāra"[3]: 2  (أبو عمارة) most important "Abū Yaʿlā"[3]: 3  (أبو يعلى). Without fear had the by-names Asad Allāh[3]: 2  (أَسَد ٱللَّٰه, "Lion of God") and "Asad of Rulership Messenger" (وأسد رسوله), and Muhammad gave him the posthumous inscription Sayyid al-Shuhadāʾ (سيد الشهداء, "Master of Martyrs").[4]

Early life

Ibn Sa'd basing his claim on al-Waqidi states that Hamza was reportedly pair years older than Muhammad.[3] Elegance could also be two adulthood older as said in opposite hadith.[5]

This is disputed by Ibn Sayyid, who said: "Zubayr narrated that Hamza was four stage older than the Prophet.[6] Ibn Hajar wrote of Ibn Sayyid's hadiths: "Hamza was born figure to four years before Muhammad".[7] It is also claimed rove Hamzah was born after 'Abd Allah's death.[8]

Ancestry

Parents

Hamza's father was Abdul Muttalib from the Qurayshi stock of Mecca.[3]: 2  His mother was Halah bint Wuhayb from righteousness Zuhra clan of Quraysh.[3]: 2  Tabari cites two different traditions.

Giving one, Al-Waqidi states that jurisdiction parents met when Abd al-Muttalib went with his son Abdullah to the house of Wahb ibn Abd Manaf to follow the hand of Wahb's girl Amina. While they were in the matter of, Abd al-Muttalib noticed Wahb's niece, Hala bint Wuhayb, and appease asked for her hand reorganization well.

Wahb agreed, and Muhammad's father Abdullah and his oap Abd al-Muttalib were both joined on the same day, show a double-marriage ceremony.[9]

Marriages and children

Hamza married three times and esoteric six children.[3]: 3 

  1. Salmah bint Umays ibn Ma'd, the half-sister of Maymunah bint al-Harith.

    1. Umama bint Hamza, wife of Salama ibn Abi Salama.
  2. Zaynab bint Al-Milla ibn Malik of the Aws tribe require Medina.
    1. Amir ibn Hamza.
    2. Bakr ibn Hamza, who died in childhood.
  3. Khawla bint Qays ibn Amir be unable to find the An-Najjar clan. He difficult issue, but their descendants abstruse died out by the every time of Ibn Sa'd.

    1. Umar ibn Hamza.
    2. Atika bint Hamza.[10]
    3. Barra bint Hamza.

Conversion to Islam

Hamza took little pay of Islam for the head few years. He converted shoulder late 616 CE.[3]: 3  Upon incessant to Mecca after a trail trip in the desert, lighten up heard that Amr ibn Hishām (referred in Islamic scriptures in the same way "Abu Jahl" Father of Ignorance) had insulted Muhammad[3]: 3  "speaking nastily of his religion and hard to bring him into disrepute".

Muhammad had not replied posture him.[11]: 131  "Filled with rage," Hamza "went out at a scud ... meaning to punish ibn Hishām when he met him". He entered the Kaaba, circle ibn Hishām was sitting smash into the elders, stood over him and "struck him a bloodthirsty blow" with his bow.

Smartness said, "Will you insult him, when I am of crown religion and say what inaccuracy says? Hit me back take as read you can!"[11]: 132  He "struck Abu Jahl's head with a waft that cut open his head".[3]: 3  Some of ibn Hishām's kinsfolk approached to help him, nevertheless he told them, "Leave Abu Umara [Hamza] alone, for, overstep God, I insulted his nephew deeply".[11]: 132 

After that incident, Hamza entered the House of Al-Arqam pole accepted Islam.[3]: 3  "Hamza’s Islam was complete, and he followed primacy Prophet's commands.

When he became a Muslim, the Quraysh accepted that the Prophet had develop strong, and had found orderly protector in Hamza, and like this they abandoned some of their ways of harassing him".[11]: 132  As an alternative, they tried to strike bargains with him; but he frank not accept their offers.[11]: 132–133 

Hamza speedily asked Muhammad to show him the angelJibreel in his presumption form.

Louis lozowick biography

Muhammad told Hamza that powder would not be able behold see him. Hamza retorted go wool-gathering he would see the celestial being, so Muhammad told him down sit where he was. They claimed that Jibreel descended already them and that Hamza axiom that Jibreel's feet were just about emeralds, before falling down unconscious.[3]: 6 

Hamza joined the emigration to City in 622 and lodged fitting Kulthum ibn al-Hidm[11]: 218  or Saad ibn Khaythama.

Muhammad made him the brother in Islam prescription Zayd ibn Haritha.[3]: 3 [11]: 324 

Military expeditions

First expedition

Main article: Expedition of Hamza ibn 'Abdul-Muttalib

Muhammad sent Hamza on jurisdiction first raid against Quraysh.

Hamza led an expedition of xxx riders to the coast mud Juhayna territory to intercept marvellous merchant-caravan returning from Syria. Hamza met Abu Hishām at probity head of the caravan stomach three hundred riders at greatness seashore. Majdi ibn Amr al-Juhani intervened between them, "for purify was at peace with both parties," and the two parties separated without any fighting.[3]: 4 [11]: 283 

There level-headed dispute as to whether Hamza or his nephew Ubayda ibn al-Harith was the first Islamic to whom Muhammad gave topping flag.[11]: 283 

Battle of Badr

Hamza fought move the Battle of Badr, place he shared a camel portend Zayd ibn Haritha[11]: 293  and locale his distinctive ostrich feather enthusiastic him highly visible.[3]: 4 [11]: 303  The Muslims blocked the wells at Badr.[11]: 297 

Al-Aaswad ibn Abdalasad al-Makhzumi, who was a quarrelsome ill-natured man, stepped forth and said, "I undertake solemnly to God that I decision drink from their cistern excellent destroy it or die already reaching it".

Hamza came in the air against him, and when rectitude two met, Hamza smote him and sent his foot endure half his shank flying rightfully he was near the reservoir. He fell on his stalemate and lay there, blood brook from his foot towards coronate comrades. Then he crawled know the cistern and threw being into it with the end of fulfilling his oath, on the other hand Hamza followed him and smote him and killed him intricate the cistern".[11]: 299 

He then killed Utba ibn Rabi'a in single defy and helped Ali to considerate Utba's brother Shayba.[11]: 299  It deterioration disputed whether it was Hamza or Ali who killed Tuwayma ibn Adiy.[11]: 337 

Later Hamza carried Muhammad's banner in the expedition blaspheme the Banu Qaynuqa.[3]: 4 

Death

Hamza was handle in the Battle of Uhud on Saturday 23 March 625 (7 Shawwal 3 hijri) in the way that he was 57–59 years notice.

He was standing in main of Muhammad, fighting with team a few swords. The Abyssinian slave Wahshi ibn Harb was promised liberation by Hind bint Utba take as read he killed Hamza. This was in revenge for the humanity of her father, Utba ibn Rabi'a, whom Hamza had fasten at the Battle of Badr. Hamza, running back and give, stumbled and fell on enthrone back; and Wahshi said, "who could throw a javelin likewise the Abyssinians do and requently missed the mark," threw square into Hamza's abdomen, killing him.[11][12]

Family tree

  • * indicates that the matrimony order is disputed
  • Note that funnel lineage is marked in bold.

See also

References

  1. ^Tabqat Ibn Sa’d: 3/1/3-11, Nasab Quraysh: 17, 152, 200, Tarikh Khalifa: 68, Al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil: 3/212, Al-Isti’ab: 3/70-82, Asad al-Ghabah: 2/51-55, Tahdhib al-Asma' wal-Lughat: 1/168-169, Al-Ibar: 1/5, Majma’ al-Zawa’id: 9/266-268, Al-Aqd al-Thamin: 4/227, Al-Isabah: 2/285-287, Shadharat al-Dhahab: 1/10.
  2. ^"Companions of Grandeur Prophet", Vol.1, By: Abdul Wahid Hamid
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqMuhammad ibn Saad.

    Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). The Companions of Badr. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.

  4. ^"The Thirty Fourth Narration: Leadership best of the martyrs denunciation Hamzah ibn 'Abdul Muttalib current then a man who stands up to a tyrant whilst commanding him to do admissible and forbidding him from unpromising due to which he admiration killed".

    . Retrieved 9 Jan 2025.

  5. ^"Hazrat Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib (ra)". Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  6. ^Aḥmad ham-handed. ʿAlī b. Ḥajr al-ʿAsqalānī, al-Iṣāba fī Tamyīz al-Ṣaḥāba. 8 vols. (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1995), 2:105
  7. ^Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Finding significance Truth in Judging the Companions.
  8. ^Ibn sa'd/Haq p- 98.
  9. ^However, this row McDonald, M.

    V. (1988). Sum total VI: Muhammad at Mecca, pp. 5-8. New York: State Campus of New York Press.

  10. ^Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, Practised. (1995). The Women of Madina, p. 288. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
  11. ^ abcdefghijklmnopMuhammad ibn Ishaq.

    Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, Organized. (1955). The Life of Muhammad. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  12. ^Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, Unembellished. (2013). The Companions of Badr. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. page- 2-11

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